|
4 out of 5 stars |
Epic in scale and intimate in approach, White Teeth
is an ambitious novel. Genetics, eugenics, gender, race, class and
history are the book's themes but Zadie Smith is gifted with the wit and
inventiveness to make these weighty ideas seem effortlessly light.
The story travels through Jamaica, Turkey, Bangladesh and India but ends
up in a scrubby North London borough, home of the book's two unlikely
heroes: prevaricating Archie Jones and intemperate Samad Iqbal. They met
in the Second World War, as part of a "Buggered Battalion" and have
been best friends ever since. Archie marries beautiful, buck-toothed
Clara, who's on the run from her Jehovah's Witness mother, and they have
a daughter, Irie. Samad marries stroppy Alsana and they have twin sons:
"Children with first and last names on a direct collision course. Names
that secrete within them mass exodus, cramped boats and planes, cold
arrivals, medical checks."
Big questions demand boldly drawn
characters. Zadie Smith's aren't heroic, just real: warm, funny,
misguided and entirely familiar; reading their conversations is like
eavesdropping. A simple scene, Alsana and Clara chatting about their
pregnancies in the park: "A woman has to have the private things--a
husband needn't be involved in body business, in a lady's ... parts."
Samad's
rant about his sons--"They have both lost their way. Strayed so far
from what I had intended for them. No doubt they will both marry white
women called Sheila and put me in an early grave--acutely displays "the
immigrant fears--dissolution, disappearance" but it also gets to the
very heart of Samad.
If you have been (or your parent has been) an immigrant,
White Teeth
will probably speak to you. My father was the first member of his
family born in Canada. He desperately felt the need to fit in, to be
Canadian. As a result, when his parents spoke in Danish at home, he
always answered them in English. In later life, he could understand
Danish, but not speak it, a situation which was sometimes frustrating
when dealing with relatives who only spoke Danish. My grandfather came
to Canada first, alone, and started out working in the lumber camps of
Northern Alberta. He was a religious man and was mortified when he
learned that the first English words that he acquired were cuss words.
My grandmother is my hero—she came by boat to Quebec and then boarded a
train to come to Western Canada. She spoke no English and no French, had
3 small children, a bag of apples, and no money. And yet they all made
it to Athabasca to meet Grandpa.
Now, you may think that Danish
immigrants would have felt a warm welcome in Canada in the late
1920s/early 1930s. Still, they didn’t fit in because they didn’t yet
speak English and they had some different customs. Also, the Danes and
the Ukrainians settled in the same area and there was some kind of weird
rivalry between the two ethnic groups. Several generations later, and
both groups of immigrants fit into Canada like they have always been
here. It’s hardest for the first two generations.
So I could identify in a small way with the situation in
White Teeth
where people trace their heritage back to Jamaica and Bangladesh and
are trying to fit into an overwhelmingly Anglo-Saxon society.
But it makes an immigrant laugh to hear the fears of the
nationalist, scared of infection, penetration, miscegenation, when this
is small fry, peanuts compared to what the immigrant fears—dissolution, disappearance.
When your culture is very different from the new
country (like Samad and Alsana’s Islamic life), you dread your children
acclimatizing to their new surroundings—the religion that you cherish
has potential to be lost (Magid) or changed until its unrecognizable
(Millat). Contrast that with ever-so-Anglo-Saxon Archie, who ends up
with a black daughter. Irie will always be considered foreign, even
though she has just as many English ancestors as many Caucasian English,
and she really feels her foreign-ness despite being born in North
London. Hence her romantic notions of “the homeland” of Jamaica.
It’s
amusing to watch Archie—unworthy recipient of white male
privilege—seemingly unaware of all the ramifications of racial and class
politics that swirl around him. Samad is the intellectual of the two
and his intelligence is rarely recognized, while stolid, thick Archie
wanders through life seemingly without impediment. Samad is torn between
wanting the pleasurable things of life and being a devout Muslim. He
literally tears his twin sons apart, sending Magid back to Bangladesh to
become a “good boy” and leaving Millat in London, taking on the bad-boy
half of the equation (and in many ways, living out some of his father’s
desires).
There are lots of good things and many shrewd
observations in WT, but to my way of thinking there were too many ideas
being bandied about. It seemed to try to tackle everything:
colonization, migration, class, race, prejudice, history, genetics—all
intertwined, but maybe a bite that is just a little too big to chew. No
wonder the book is over 400 pages.
Two weeks ago, I went to our
university’s distinguished lecturer series to hear the author, Zadie
Smith, speak. As a result, I having been hearing her lovely voice in my
mind’s ear as I read, as if she is reading the novel to me. If you ever
get a chance to hear her in person, go, do it. She is every bit as
direct and funny as her prose would lead you to believe. I think she
would be a lot of fun to have lunch with!